Public accountability Essay

Do you support that Public office an erosion downstairs the flow mode of g everywherenance and market-oriented reforms? Why or why non? Elaborate your answer with examples on operationalization of habitual righteousness in the current context. in that respect are various moral problems that have faced gracious servants in their daily work such as the difficulty of having to bear on the requirements of the authorities and citizens at the same time distinguish between discretionary and arbitrary the temptation of using the position as a hunt of their own benefits the asymmetry between the administration and the citizens the excessive bureaucracy and the deficiency of transparentness, among otherwises. Hence the need to create a environment where it be expose to a greater extent transparency paying uninterrupted attention to building a righteous military personnel behaviour because semi in the universal eye(predicate) responsibility is a continuous activity, non an ideal state to be achieved. Consequently, responsibility is vital because its central theme the idea of service and on that pointfore is a rouge factor to improve the quality of human beings administration by means of the honest, efficient, physical object and upright conduct of officials in caution of public affairs. The transparency carries with it elements that citizens share, careless(predicate) of their religious beliefs, their family relationships, their profession, theircraft common elements which help society to live in harmony according to principles of justice, freedom, equality and solidarity in order to make human relations more satisfying. When the transparency is applied and implemented in the public service is c tout ensembleed Public Liability, excessively c aloneed accountability. The idea that accountability is linked to black market the society as an active part of the state in which the reading is flowing both upwards and downwards and thus be quali fied make real use of tender guarantee.It is clear that, transparency and accountability last characteristic and distinctive governance aspects by themselves in public administration, however they as well become markers of heartyly responsible behaviour with other aspects, this is why it is important non to considered transparency and accountability synonyms as social responsibility, since the previous ones are an expression of a specific aspect of the management process and decision- do of an face (the evaluation and chink for example), whereas the social responsibility should nip and transcend all phases and activities of the management of an organization. In the present times, in that respect is an change magnitude conviction that accountability is an important activity for organizations to develop confidence and legitimacy with other social actors, which cites within their own field. This belief has several livestock some of them are conceptual, because accountab ility is part of a framework of set that play on the nonion of republic. Accountability is too associated with the necessary transparency in which public services must perform towards the citizens, particularly to the main course of information, but it also to the results achieved by public institutions in the fulfilment of their mission, consequently, the psychiatric hospital of institutional mechanisms to give and social supervision as an institutionalized coiffure related to the democratic accountability of public management implies the existence of semipolitical and administrative systems with a high degree of political legitimacy and administrative efficiency.However, the action of accountability is not good by itself. If there is no an active and vigilant swell-manneredian society to be vigilant and name anything incorrect behaviour, which is why the public services should promote engagement and citizen control reducing the approachs of such activity by beef upi ng citizen conflict in the procedures for the development of dispositions of general character, expanding the participation of representatives from civil society on management boards oforganizations and public agencies, to effectively moderate accessing to the records and public archives by refer citizens, open to the public meetings for public decision making, boost client surveys of public services, developing systems such as random s preference of citizens to go into in discussions on specific procedures. Accountability does not scarcely relate to control, to motivate and to convince, but is a concept related to better management and guidance for organizations. Accountability throw out be used for to manage, to guide and control more effectively the institution. The incorporation of the accountability model where the government receives a command to perform a range of working classs by the society, and therefore the Government becomes accountable to the society for this tas k, the government held to account to society for the task that was entrusted. This accountability model includes two directions that are accountable for horizontal and vertical. The horizontal axis is related to a system in which the power is divided and equilibrate with a set of checks and balances, in which the law and a variety of public Institutions are included. Meanwhile, the vertical axis is related to the public opinion and election mechanisms, through with(predicate) which the citizens can approve or disapprove an officer through the ballot. In order to achieve a state that is capable of responding to the contends and requirements from civil society, it is necessary besides the modernization of public administration, the redesign of the state to enable it to respond with the levels of relevance, quality and effectiveness expected from the civil society through public policy. This is why it is necessary further democratic reforms of the State which allows citizens to in fix actively in the public administration and in the selection, formulation and implementation of the public policies.However probably one of the most important and challenge obstacles to be overcome in public management in Latin America, to respond efficiently and timely basis to the current and future requirements from civil society and the private sector, is related to the resistance to change that many public services have to modernizing processes and big changes sometimes affect the processes of governance, especially in regards to the public participation in the actions of the State from both, public services and in its policies and programs. Accountability in this region is almost inexistent. On the one hand, there is no favourable framework conditions, laws, governmentregulations and culture they are not prone to this practice, moreover, in organizational terms, dimensions such as size, seniority and / or centralization, are critical to define the scope of doable actions. The concept of accountability systems has proven to be very plastic. It could be understood as a range of ideas ranging from the mere access to information, the effective responsibility in the cognitive operation of a task, in terms of effectiveness and values it can also include the time of coercitivity or obligation both legally and morally, and they whitethorn empower different public to access information, to be capable to exemplar assessments or to apply sanctions. If accountability is taken single when as a monitoring mechanism it could help to avoid misbehaviour, but its greatest electric potential can be accomplished when it is viewed as a tool to improve the skills of public institutions and moral resources to make the good. The strategic time of accountability implies that the organization is aware that it needs the trust of their audiences, legitimacy from other entities and most of all the loyalty of its employees.Since the year 2000, in Latin America have been exp ressing a need for modernization and rationalization of the governments, developing in particular the peeled Public Management approach, which consists of replacing the bureaucracy with a flexible, efficient management, goal-oriented and concerned about the results and where all of those management techniques that allow to define objectives, determining responsibilities, control costs, and establishing indicators are important to measure outcomes, such the implementation and use of more suitable methodologies for accountability. This has shaped the called Public Administration Accountability to taxpayers, which is founded on the appreciate for Money which relies on three concepts Economy, Effectiveness and Efficiency, which must be considered holistically and not on an individual basis, where economy is referred to the relationship between the market and the inputs or supplies through the prices of these, where efficiency is the ratio between the product obtained and the desired o bjectives, including the criteria for the fictitious character and Service Access are included, efficacy may include excellency and Equity as well, and finally Efficiency is the relationship between inputs and outputs that is the cost per unit of service. There is an school of thought, the Guideline to the Public Service, which considers not only the important issue of the effectiveness of theGovernment, but it also maintains that the fundamental challenge is to address the democratic deficit of the current bureaucracies, which focuses strictly in Governance. There isnt a shortage of ideas and concrete proposals to improve transparency, accountability and political responsibility, and thereby to achieve authentic accountable governments. The majority of these proposals agree on the essential governmental activities should be made more open for the citizens and they should size up them more diligently, demanding specific liabilities to government officials, whether this are selec t, appointed, or career officers. It is may be necessary go even further and restore the spunk of the same political institutions, so that the transparency and accountability should become effective at all levels and areas of public administration in the region.Therefore, is desirable and also necessary to strengthen the accountability of elected officers with respect to their constituencies as well as to give more effective participation of citizens in decision-making. That is to say, to ensure that the government-at all levels and areas-are truly accountable to the citizens. This requires progress towards a participatory commonwealth that complements the existing representative democracy, as noted at times it becomes merely delegative.It is possible that the examples of reforms that are proposed below may carry not only to strengthening the culture of transparency and accountability, but also the quality and on the same the performance of Latin American democracies for the lat ter, it is also possible that this lawsuit of reform to raise public trust in the democratic institutions. It is possible that in the example of reforms such as the one which is proposed below contribute not only to strengthening the culture of transparency and accountability, but also the quality and on the same the performance of Latin American democracies for the latter, it is also possible that this type of reform to raise public trust in the democratic institutions. Semi-direct democracy The mechanisms are counted in a prominent place, the revocation of mandate, the referendum or plebiscite and popular initiative. The adoption of mechanisms of semi-direct democracy is a way to strengthen vertical accountability in other words to the citizens from all the elected public servants. The popular revoking the mandates may constitute animportant element in favour of responsible government. For example, if an elected municipal officer or a legislator is not carrying out in an appropr iate manner the a task for which he was elected, that is, if it does not render satisfactory accounts to their constituents, a group of these could be organized to demand the convening of a consultation in the fit voters decide whether the official or legislator continues in office or not.If the semi-direct democracy is implemented, the more power is granted to sub-national governments and citizen participation spaces significantly are widen it might make more accountable governments and bring government juxtaposed and the civil service to the sovereign, the people. It is true that the semi-direct democracy mechanisms can be defeated, be emptied of contents and becoming plebiscitarian forms of government. However, in a democratic and participative vein, it seems preferable that the citizens can revoke mandates and propose, approve or deny major initiatives, rather than sledding all this in the exclusive hands of the lawmakers or the executive. In conclusion, what is proposed in the entire mode of governance in favour of accountability is that citizens become more active, direct and effective in the monitoring and the conduction of public affairs part. Since the world of administration is not angelical. It is an illusion to think that there will be accountable and effective, clean and open government, if citizens do not demand it. There will be no participatory democracy if we do not participate. Therefore, in the final and decisive stage, the task of demanding transparency, accountability and political responsibility, it is up to us the people to avoid any bod of erosions in the democracy system or governance.Ahrens, T. (1996). Styles of accountability. 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